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          boot.img的定制
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            <div class="post-description">ROM移植，首要步骤是先验证内核是否可以正确启动原ROM， 因此免不了要对 boot.img 解包再打包，替换内核验证。</div>

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        <h2 id="工具"><a href="#工具" class="headerlink" title="工具"></a>工具</h2><p><a href="#split_bootimg.pl">split_bootimg.pl</a> 是一个perl 写的脚本工具, 按照boot.img 格式读取</p>
<p>mkbootfs, mkbootimg, bootsigner: 编译源码会在out/host/linux-x86/bin 下生成, 也可以从<a href="http://code.google.com/p/android-serialport-api/downloads/detail?name=android_bootimg_tools.tar.gz&can=2&q=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官网上下载</a></p>
<h2 id="具体步䯅"><a href="#具体步䯅" class="headerlink" title="具体步䯅"></a>具体步䯅</h2><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">split_bootimg.pl boot.img <span class="comment"># 会得到 boot.img-kernel, boot.img-ramdisk.gz</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">mkdir ramdisk | <span class="built_in">cd</span> ramdisk </span><br><span class="line">gzip -dc ../boot.img-ramdisk.gz | cpio -i <span class="comment"># 会在ramdisk 下将得到所有内容, 做想要的修改</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> .. <span class="comment"># 返回ramdisk 上一层目录</span></span><br><span class="line">mkbootfs ramdisk | gzip &gt; ramdisk.img <span class="comment"># 制作ramdisk.img</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 以nubia z18mini 的内核命令打包</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># cmdline : "androidboot.hardware=qcom user_debug=31 msm_rtb.filter=0x37 ehci-hcd.park=3 lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 sched_enable_hmp=1 sched_enable_power_aware=1 service_locator.enable=1 swiotlb=1 androidboot.configfs=true androidboot.usbcontroller=a800000.dwc3 buildvariant=user"</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># cmdline: "console=ttyMSM0,115200,n8 androidboot.console=ttyMSM0 earlycon=msm_serial_dm,0xc1700000000 androidboot.hardware=qcom user_debug=31 msm_rtb.filter=0x237 ehci-hcd.park=3 lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 sched_enable_hmp=1 sched_enable_power_aware=1 service_locator.enable=1 swiotlb=1 androidboot.configfs=true androidboot.usbcontroller=a800000.dwc3 buildvariant=userdebug"</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">mkbootimg --kernel kernel --ramdisk ramdisk.img --base 0x00000000 --pagesize 4096  --cmdline <span class="string">"androidboot.hardware=qcom user_debug=31 msm_rtb.filter=0x37 ehci-hcd.park=3 lpm_levels.sleep_disabled=1 sched_enable_hmp=1 sched_enable_power_aware=1 service_locator.enable=1 swiotlb=1 androidboot.configfs=true androidboot.usbcontroller=a800000.dwc3 buildvariant=user"</span> --os_version 8.1.0 --os_patch_level 2019-08-25 --output boot_new.img</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 签名 在官方开源的内核源码中有</span></span><br><span class="line">boot_signer /boot boot.img verity.pk8 verity.x509.pem boot_signer.img</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="split-bootimg-pl"><a href="#split-bootimg-pl" class="headerlink" title="split_bootimg.pl"></a>split_bootimg.pl</h3><figure class="highlight perl"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span 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class="line">208</span><br><span class="line">209</span><br><span class="line">210</span><br><span class="line">211</span><br><span class="line">212</span><br><span class="line">213</span><br><span class="line">214</span><br><span class="line">215</span><br><span class="line">216</span><br><span class="line">217</span><br><span class="line">218</span><br><span class="line">219</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#!/usr/bin/perl</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   File          : split_bootimg.pl</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   Author(s)     : William Enck &lt;enck@cse.psu.edu&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   Description   : Split appart an Android boot image created </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   with mkbootimg. The format can be found in</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   android-src/system/core/mkbootimg/bootimg.h</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   Thanks to alansj on xda-developers.com for </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   identifying the format in bootimg.h and </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   describing initial instructions for splitting</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#                   the boot.img file.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   Last Modified : Tue Dec  2 23:36:25 EST 2008</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   By            : William Enck &lt;enck@cse.psu.edu&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#   Copyright (c) 2008 William Enck</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> strict;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> warnings;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Turn on print flushing</span></span><br><span class="line">$|++;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## Global Variables and Constants</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $SCRIPT = __FILE_<span class="number">_</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $IMAGE_FN = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Constants (from bootimg.h)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> constant <span class="string">BOOT_MAGIC =&gt;</span> <span class="string">'ANDROID!'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> constant <span class="string">BOOT_MAGIC_SIZE =&gt;</span> <span class="number">8</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> constant <span class="string">BOOT_NAME_SIZE =&gt;</span> <span class="number">16</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> constant <span class="string">BOOT_ARGS_SIZE =&gt;</span> <span class="number">512</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Unsigned integers are 4 bytes</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">use</span> constant <span class="string">UNSIGNED_SIZE =&gt;</span> <span class="number">4</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Parsed Values</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $PAGE_SIZE = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $KERNEL_SIZE = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $RAMDISK_SIZE = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $SECOND_SIZE = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## Main Code</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&amp;parse_cmdline();</span><br><span class="line">&amp;parse_header($IMAGE_FN);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">=format (from bootimg.h)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** +-----------------+</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** | boot header     | 1 page</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** +-----------------+</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** | kernel          | n pages</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** +-----------------+</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** | ramdisk         | m pages</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** +-----------------+</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** | second stage    | o pages</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** +-----------------+</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** n = (kernel_size + page_size - 1) / page_size</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** m = (ramdisk_size + page_size - 1) / page_size</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">** o = (second_size + page_size - 1) / page_size</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">=cut</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $n = <span class="keyword">int</span>(($KERNEL_SIZE + $PAGE_SIZE - <span class="number">1</span>) / $PAGE_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $m = <span class="keyword">int</span>(($RAMDISK_SIZE + $PAGE_SIZE - <span class="number">1</span>) / $PAGE_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $o = <span class="keyword">int</span>(($SECOND_SIZE + $PAGE_SIZE - <span class="number">1</span>) / $PAGE_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $k_offset = $PAGE_SIZE;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $r_offset = $k_offset + ($n * $PAGE_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $s_offset = $r_offset + ($m * $PAGE_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">(<span class="keyword">my</span> $base = $IMAGE_FN) =~ <span class="regexp">s/.*\/(.*)$/$1/</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $k_file = $base . <span class="string">"-kernel"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $r_file = $base . <span class="string">"-ramdisk.gz"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">my</span> $s_file = $base . <span class="string">"-second.gz"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># The kernel is always there</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">"Writing $k_file ..."</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&amp;dump_file($IMAGE_FN, $k_file, $k_offset, $KERNEL_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">" complete.\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># The ramdisk is always there</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">"Writing $r_file ..."</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&amp;dump_file($IMAGE_FN, $r_file, $r_offset, $RAMDISK_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">" complete.\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># The Second stage bootloader is optional</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">unless</span> ($SECOND_SIZE == <span class="number">0</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">"Writing $s_file ..."</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &amp;dump_file($IMAGE_FN, $s_file, $s_offset, $SECOND_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">print</span> <span class="string">" complete.\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## Supporting Subroutines</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">=header_format (from bootimg.h)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">struct boot_img_hdr</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned char magic[BOOT_MAGIC_SIZE];</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned kernel_size;  /* size in bytes */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned kernel_addr;  /* physical load addr */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned ramdisk_size; /* size in bytes */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned ramdisk_addr; /* physical load addr */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned second_size;  /* size in bytes */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned second_addr;  /* physical load addr */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned tags_addr;    /* physical addr for kernel tags */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned page_size;    /* flash page size we assume */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned unused[2];    /* future expansion: should be 0 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned char name[BOOT_NAME_SIZE]; /* asciiz product name */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned char cmdline[BOOT_ARGS_SIZE];</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    unsigned id[8]; /* timestamp / checksum / sha1 / etc */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&#125;;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">=cut</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">sub</span> <span class="title">parse_header</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($fn) = @_;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> $buf = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">open</span> INF, $fn <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not open $fn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">binmode</span> INF;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read the Magic</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, BOOT_MAGIC_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">unless</span> ($buf eq BOOT_MAGIC) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Android Magic not found in $fn. Giving up.\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read kernel size and address (assume little-endian)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE * <span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($k_size, $k_addr) = <span class="keyword">unpack</span>(<span class="string">"VV"</span>, $buf);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read ramdisk size and address (assume little-endian)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE * <span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($r_size, $r_addr) = <span class="keyword">unpack</span>(<span class="string">"VV"</span>, $buf);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read second size and address (assume little-endian)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE * <span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($s_size, $s_addr) = <span class="keyword">unpack</span>(<span class="string">"VV"</span>, $buf);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Ignore tags_addr</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># get the page size (assume little-endian)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($p_size) = <span class="keyword">unpack</span>(<span class="string">"V"</span>, $buf);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Ignore unused</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE * <span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read the name (board name)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, BOOT_NAME_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> $name = $buf;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Read the command line</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, BOOT_ARGS_SIZE);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> $cmdline = $buf;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Ignore the id</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, UNSIGNED_SIZE * <span class="number">8</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Close the file</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">close</span> INF;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Print important values</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Page size: %d (0x%08x)\n"</span>, $p_size, $p_size;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Kernel size: %d (0x%08x)\n"</span>, $k_size, $k_size;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Ramdisk size: %d (0x%08x)\n"</span>, $r_size, $r_size;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Second size: %d (0x%08x)\n"</span>, $s_size, $s_size;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Board name: $name\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">printf</span> <span class="string">"Command line: $cmdline\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># Save the values</span></span><br><span class="line">    $PAGE_SIZE = $p_size;</span><br><span class="line">    $KERNEL_SIZE = $k_size;</span><br><span class="line">    $RAMDISK_SIZE = $r_size;</span><br><span class="line">    $SECOND_SIZE = $s_size;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">sub</span> <span class="title">dump_file</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> ($infn, $outfn, $offset, $size) = @_;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">my</span> $buf = <span class="keyword">undef</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">open</span> INF, $infn <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not open $infn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">open</span> OUTF, <span class="string">"&gt;$outfn"</span> <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not open $outfn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">binmode</span> INF;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">binmode</span> OUTF;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">seek</span>(INF, $offset, <span class="number">0</span>) <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not seek in $infn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">read</span>(INF, $buf, $size) <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not read $infn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">print</span> OUTF $buf <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Could not write $outfn: $!\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">close</span> INF;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">close</span> OUTF;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">######################################################################</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## Configuration Subroutines</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">sub</span> <span class="title">parse_cmdline</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">unless</span> ($#ARGV == <span class="number">0</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">die</span> <span class="string">"Usage: $SCRIPT boot.img\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    $IMAGE_FN = $ARGV[<span class="number">0</span>];</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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